Orbital Focus - International Spaceflight Facts and Figures
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Satellite Radio Frequencies


Tyneside, UK
2024 Mar 29
Friday, Day 89

Curated by:
























Elsewhere:

HF Frequencies

Zenit recovery beacons
HF (Short Wave) Satellite Frequencies

In the early days of space research, and particularly in the case of the Soviet Union, there were numerous HF transmissions. Some used the chosen frequencies for ionosphere research, but in the case of the USSR, some frequencies in the 15-20 MHz region were used for voice, and to provide 'quick look' data - allowing satellites to be tracked when well away from the Asian land mass.

HF tracking 1970Some satellites transmitted only while above the horizon in the USSR, although others transmitted continuously. In the latter case, they could be heard over any point on the globe and, from a given location, it was possible to hear a transmission from thousands of miles away. There were occasions when signals would arrive simultaneously by two different routes through the ionosphere. They would have different values of Doppler Shift and gave the impression that there were two separate signals. Only by analysing the signal content was it possible to determine that the source of both transmissions was the same.


HF tracking nostalgiaFrom the UK, tracking of Cosmos satellite recoveries and the associated beacons at 19.995 and 20.005 MHz was limited to the period April-October due the seasonal variation of the state of the ionosphere. In winter months, the signal just did not come through.

The beacon transmissions usually lasted for about six minutes as the recoverable cabin descended under the parachute. Occasionally, under very favourable ionospheric conditions (usually late spring-summer, weak transmissions would continue for longer periods providing that the aerial had not earthed itself electrically by contact with the ground. There is a description of the Cosmos recovery beacons elsewhere on the Zarya web site.


NOTE - for afficionados of the Kettering Satellite Tracking Group, these photographs of Derek Slater and Bob Christy are separated by 31 years in time.

This list is not an exhaustive one - it contains frequencies that the author was active in tracking and announced frequencies from the launching agency. Some Cosmos/Soyuz entries are by way of example in that they are typical of a particular satellite or spacecraft type - there were many more similar transmissions.

Related Frequencies

By definition, HF is a frequency of 30 MHz or less. Some of the earlier HF-transmitting flights used coherent frequencies in the low part of the VHF band - up to 90 MHz, they are included in this list for reference and because they do not fit comfortably elsewhere.


Freq (MHz) Satellite Transmission Notes
8.364
Soyuz T
(7K-ST)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names, three crew seats, 1978-1989
8.364
Soyuz
(7K-T/A9)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Salyut (Almaz) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1977, two crew seats
8.364
Soyuz
(7K-T)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1981, two crew seats
8.364
Soyuz
(7K-TM)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Soyuz version developed for the Soyuz-Apollo Test Programme: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1974-1976, two crew seats
8.364
Soyuz
(7K-OK)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Development and Solo programme: Solo and multi-vehicle development missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1966-1970, three crew seats in 'shirtsleeve' environment
8.364
Soyuz
(7K-OKS)

Morse code 'AN' recovery beacon Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1970-1971, three crew seats
8.983
OV1-17A
1969-025D
3826
Tones Ionospheric studies: Continuous transmission
15.009
Soyuz
(7K-T/A9)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (Almaz) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1977, two crew seats
15.009
Soyuz
(7K-OK)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Development and Solo programme: Solo and multi-vehicle development missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1966-1970, three crew seats in 'shirtsleeve' environment
15.009
Soyuz
(7K-OKS)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1970-1971, three crew seats
15.009
Soyuz
(7K-T)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1981, two crew seats
15.009
Salyut 6
1977-097A
10382
CW-PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Secondary frequency as an alternative to 20.008 MHz
15.009
Salyut 7
1982-033A
13138
CW-PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Secondary frequency as an alternative to 20.008 MHz
15.009
Salyut
1971-032A
5160
CW-PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Secondary frequency as an alternative to 20.008 MHz
15.009
Cosmos 557
1973-026A
6498
CW-PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Second DOS station to reach orbit but never funtioned as a space station, transmitted until re-entry through orbital decay - frequency may have been used in preference to 20.008 MHz because of superior ionospheric propagation properties
15.009
Salyut 4
1974-104A
7591
CW-PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Secondary frequency as an alternative to 20.008 MHz
15.765
Vostok 2
1961 τ 1
168
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Yuri Gagarin - also transmitted 19.995 MHz, 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
17.365
Voskhod 2
1965-022A
1274
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Pavel Belyaev and Alexei Leonov - also transmitted 18.035 MHz, 19.994 MHz, 143.625 MHz
17.365
Voskhod
1964-065A
904
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Vladimir Komarov, Boris Yegorov and Konstantin Feoktistov - also transmitted 18.035 MHz, 19.974 MHz, 19.994 MHz, 143.625 MHz
18.035
Soyuz
(7K-OK)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Development and Solo programme: Solo and multi-vehicle development missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1966-1970, three crew seats in 'shirtsleeve' environment, some missions may have used 18.060 MHz
18.035
Voskhod 2
1965-022A
1274
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Pavel Belyaev and Alexei Leonov - also transmitted 17.3655 MHz, 19.994 MHz, 143.625 MHz
18.035
Voskhod
1964-065A
904
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Vladimir Komarov, Boris Yegorov and Konstantin Feoktistov - also transmitted 17.3655 MHz, 19.974 MHz, 19.994 MHz, 143.625 MHz
18.060
Soyuz
(7K-T)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1981, two crew seats
18.060
Soyuz
(7K-OKS)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1970-1971, three crew seats
19.103
Vostok
1961 μ 1
103
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Yuri Gagarin - also transmitted 19.995 MHz, 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.150
Cosmos 333
1970-030A
4373
Morse code - 12 groups of three letters Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.150
Cosmos 563
1973-036A
6667
Morse code - 12 groups of three letters Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Frequency changed to 19.300 MHz 1973 Jun 9? - cameras and film recovered
19.300
Cosmos 563
1973-036A
6667
Morse code - 12 groups of three letters Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Frequency changed from 19.150 MHz 1973 Jun 9? - cameras and film recovered
19.375
Cosmos 125
1966-067A
2351
- Technology Development: Frequency announced by TASS
19.545
Proton-2
1965-087A
1701
PDM Science payload - high energy physics: 12 tonnes satellite as test of the three-stage Proton rocket
19.545
Proton-3
1966-060A
2290
PDM Science payload - high energy physics: 12 tonnes satellite as test of the three-stage Proton rocket
19.735
Cosmos 102
1965-111A
1867
- Technology Development: Frequency announced by TASS
19.895
Polyot 2
1964-019A
784
- Developmental: Tested manoeuvring system
19.910
Proton
1965-054A
1466
PDM Science payload - high energy physics: 12 tonnes satellite as test of the three-stage Proton rocket
19.910
Proton 4
1968-103A
3544
FSK with PDM with duration approx 1s per data bit - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Science payload - high energy physics: 19 tonnes satellite as test of the three-stage Proton rocket
19.943
Elektron-1
1964-006A
746
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 2 - also transmitted 19.954 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.943
Elektron-2
1964-006B
748
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 1 - also transmitted 19.954 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.943
Elektron-3
1964-038A
829
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 4 - also transmitted 19.954 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.943
Elektron-4
1964-038B
830
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 3 - also transmitted 19.954 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.945
Polyot
1963-043A
683
- Developmental: Tested manoeuvring system
19.945
Salyut 3
1974-046A
7342
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: 'Almaz' piloted photo-reconnaissance platform
19.945
Salyut 5
1976-057A
8911
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: 'Almaz' piloted photo-reconnaissance platform
19.948
Vostok 5
1963-020A
591
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Valeri Bykovsky, flew in parallel with Vostok 6 - also transmitted 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.954
Cosmos 929
1977-066A
10146
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station support: Solo Mission
19.954
Cosmos
1267
1981-039A
12419
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station support: Test Flight - docked with Salyut 6 for a period
19.954
Cosmos
1443
1983-013A
13868
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station support: Test Flight - docked with Salyut 7 for a period
19.954
Cosmos
1686
1985-086A
16095
FSK with PDM - 16 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station support: Test Flight - docked with Salyut 7 and destroyed on Salyut 7 re-entry
19.954
Elektron-1
1964-006A
746
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 2 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.954
Elektron-2
1964-006B
748
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 1 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.954
Elektron-3
1964-038A
829
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 4 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.954
Elektron-4
1964-038B
830
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 3 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 20.005 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
19.974
Voskhod
1964-065A
904
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Vladimir Komarov, Boris Yegorov and Konstantin Feoktistov - also transmitted 17.365 MHz, 18.035 MHz, 19.994 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.990
Cosmos 112
1966-021A
2107
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Frequency changed from 19.995 MHz 1966 Mar 21? - cameras and film recovered
19.990
Vostok 4
1962 αν1
365
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Pavel Popovich, flew in parallel with Vostok 3 - also transmitted 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.990
Cosmos 364
1970-075A
4553
FSK - 1kHz separation, 1.5s cycle Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.994
Voskhod 2
1965-022A
1274
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Vladimir Komarov, Boris Yegorov and Konstantin Feoktistov - also transmitted 17.365 MHz, 18.035 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.994
Voskhod
1964-065A
904
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Vladimir Komarov, Boris Yegorov and Konstantin Feoktistov - also transmitted 17.365 MHz, 18.035 MHz, 19.974 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.995
Practice
Recovery
Beacon

Pseudo morse code Soviet exercises/tests: 'TV' recovery test beacon - noted during extended perios during 1973, source unknown
19.995
Voice

AM voice Recovery crews?: Often heard starting soon after transmission from a Cosmos recovery beacon - Russian voices, possibly the recovery crews
19.995
Vostok
1961 μ 1
103
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Yuri Gagarin - also transmitted 19.103 MHz, 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.995
Vostok 2
1961 τ 1
168
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Gherman Titov - also transmitted 15.765 MHz, 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.995
Cosmos 112
1966-021A
2107
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Frequency changed to 19.990 MHz 1966 Mar 21? - cameras and film recovered
19.995
Explorer
VII
1959 ι 1
22
- Science satellite: Ionospheric studies
19.995
Cosmos 4
1962 ξ 1
287
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.995
Cosmos 208
1968-022A
3156
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.995
Cosmos 208
1968-022A
3156
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter K Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TK type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening
19.995
Korabl
Sputnik
Cabin
1960 ε 3
36
- Developmental: Vostok precursor
19.995
Vostok 3
1962 αμ1
363
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Andrian Nikolayev, flew in parallel with Vostok 4 - also transmitted 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.995
Cosmos
280
1969-040A
3906
Morse code - 12 groups of three letters Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.995
Cosmos
288
1969-055A
3994
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter K Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TK type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening - simultaneous with 20.005 MHz
19.995
Cosmos 317
1969-109A
4280
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter F Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TF type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening
19.995
Cosmos 344
1970-038A
4401
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter G Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TG type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening
19.995
Shijian 1
1971-018A
5007
Pulse position data modulation Engineering experiments: Second satellite launch by the PRC - initial transmissions at 20.006 MHz then changed to this frequency - Transmission was continuous until re-entry in 1979 through natural orbital decay
19.995
Cosmos 12
1962 βω1
517
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Zenit 2 prototype
19.995
Vostok 6
1963-023A
595
- Piloted spacecraft: Carried Valentina Tereshkova, flew in parallel with Vostok 5 - also transmitted 20.006 MHz, 143.625 MHz
19.995
Cosmos 541
1972-105A
6326
FSK - 1kHz separation, 1.5s cycle Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
19.995
Cosmos 541
1972-105A
6326
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter L Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TL type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening
19.995
Korabl
Sputnik 3
1960 ρ 1
65
- Developmental: Vostok/Zenit precursor
19.995
Cosmos 22
1963-045A
689
FSK/PDM telemetry - 1kHz shift, 15 channels per frame with frame duration approx 16s Photo-reconnaissance satellite: Cameras and film recovered
20.003
Cosmos 1
1962 θ 1
266
CW - keyed 4s on and 0.5s off Ionospheric studies: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, also transmitted 90.018 MHz
20.005
Soyuz
Practice
Recovery
Beacon

Morse code letters 'AN' Soviet exercises/tests: Sometimes transmitted for long periods early 1970s, possible ground simulations or Soyuz recovery tests
20.005
Explorer
(S45-1-1 -
1962)

- Ionospheric studies: Failed to reach orbit - one of a set of coherent ionospheric beacon frequencies, also caried transmitters for 40.010, 41.010, 108.02, 360.09 and 960.24 MHz
20.005
Explorer
(S45-1-2 -
1962)

- Ionospheric studies: Failed to reach orbit - one of a set of coherent ionospheric beacon frequencies, also caried transmitters for 40.010, 41.010, 108.02, 360.09 and 960.24 MHz
20.005
Explorer
27
1965-032A
1328
CW Ionospheric studies: Continuous beacon
20.005
Cosmos 2
1962 ι 1
269
CW - keyed 2s on and 0.5s off Ionospheric studies: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies,, also transmitted 90.023 MHz
20.005
Sputnik 2
1957 β 1
3
CW rhythmic bleeping Experimental - carried dog 'Laika': Also transmitted 40.002 MHz
20.005
Cosmos 8
1962 αξ1
367
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science and meteoroid detection: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, exact frequency given as 20.00504 MHz, also transmitted 90.023 MHz
20.005
Cosmos
288
1969-055A
3994
0.5s CW pulse alternating with morse code letter K Photo-reconnaissance satellite: TK type recovery beacon transmitted after parachute opening - simultaneous with 19.995 MHz
20.005
Cosmos 11
1962 βθ1
441
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science and meteoroid detection: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, exact frequency given as 20.0048 MHz, also transmitted 90.022 MHz
20.005
Elektron-1
1964-006A
746
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 2 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
20.005
Elektron-2
1964-006B
748
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 1 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
20.005
Sputnik 3
1958 δ 2
8
CW rhythmic bleeping Experimental - science: Also transmitted 40.002 MHz
20.005
Elektron-3
1964-038A
829
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 4 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
20.005
Elektron-4
1964-038B
830
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 3 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 30.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
20.005
Explorer
22
1964-064A
899
CW Ionospheric studies: Continuous beacon
20.005
Cosmos 53
1965-006A
983
CW? Science/minor military?: Coherent pair with 90.022 MHz
20.006
Vostok
1961 μ 1
103
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Yuri Gagarin - also transmitted 19.103 MHz, 19.995 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.006
Vostok 2
1961 τ 1
168
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Gherman Titov - also transmitted 15.765 MHz, 19.995 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.006
Vostok 3
1962 αμ1
363
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Andrian Nikolayev, flew in parallel with Vostok 4 - also transmitted 19.990 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.006
Vostok 4
1962 αν1
365
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Pavel Popovich, flew in parallel with Vostok 3 - also transmitted 19.990 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.006
Dong Fang
Hong 1
1970-034A
4382
Tone-based telemetry plus tune 'The East is Red' : First satellite launch by the PRC
20.006
Shijian 1
1971-018A
5007
Tone-based telemetry Engineering experiments: Second satellite launch by the PRC - transmissions may have been from the final-stage rocket - After a few days, the 20.006 MHz transmission was replaced by one at 19.995 MHz
20.006
Vostok 5
1963-020A
591
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Valeri Bykovsky, flew in parallel with Vostok 6 - also transmitted 19.948 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.006
Vostok 6
1963-023A
595
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Piloted spacecraft: Carried Valentina Tereshkova, flew in parallel with Vostok 5 - also transmitted 19.990 MHz, 143.625 MHz
20.008
Soyuz
(7K-OK)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Development and Solo programme: Solo and multi-vehicle development missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1966-1970, three crew seats in 'shirtsleeve' environment
20.008
Soyuz T
(7K-ST)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names, three crew seats, 1978-1986
20.008
Soyuz
(7K-T)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1981, two crew seats
20.008
Soyuz
(7K-S)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Test flights but never carried a crew: Flown under Cosmos programme name 1974-1976
20.008
Soyuz
(7K-OKS)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (DOS) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1970-1971, three crew seats
20.008
Soyuz
(7K-T/A9)

CW-PDM - 15 data channels, transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Salyut (Almaz) Crew ferry: Solo and space station missions under Soyuz and Cosmos programme names 1973-1977, two crew seats
20.008
Salyut 6
1977-097A
10382
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Main HF frequency, also transmitted at 15.009 MHz
20.008
Salyut 7
1982-033A
13138
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Main HF frequency, also transmitted at 15.009 MHz
20.008
Cosmos 5
1962 υ 1
297
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, also transmitted 90.023 MHz
20.008
Salyut
1971-032A
5160
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Main HF frequency, also transmitted at 15.009 MHz
20.008
Cosmos 573
1973-041A
6694
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Crew carrier and unpiloted tests: Info from GP extract from launch announcement - Transmissions detected from most solo Soyuz missions, (excluding ASTP flights), but including test missions orbited under the 'Cosmos' label
20.008
Salyut 4
1974-104A
7591
CW-PDM - 15 data channels - transmitted approx 1 measurement per second Space Station: Main HF frequency, also transmitted at 15.009 MHz
24.912
Voice

SSB voice US tracking command and control: Useful for monitoring progress of Gemini and Earth-orbit Apollo missions - ground stations heard talking to each other, giving AOS and LOS times; other NASA satellites could also be tracked
30.008
Elektron-1
1964-006A
746
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 2 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 90.0225 MHz
30.008
Elektron-2
1964-006B
748
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 1 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 90.0225 MHz
30.008
Elektron-3
1964-038A
829
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 4 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 90.0225 MHz
30.008
Elektron-4
1964-038B
830
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 3 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 90.0225 MHz
40.002
Sputnik 2
1957 β 1
3
CW rhythmic bleeping Experimental - carried dog 'Laika': Also transmitted 20.005 MHz
40.002
Sputnik 3
1958 δ 2
8
CW rhythmic bleeping Experimental - science: Also transmitted 20.005 MHz
90.018
Cosmos 1
1962 θ 1
266
CW - keyed 4s on and 0.5s off Ionospheric studies: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, also transmitted 20.003 MHz
90.022
Cosmos 53
1965-006A
983
CW? Science/minor military?: Coherent pair with 20.005 MHz
90.023
Cosmos 2
1962 ι 1
269
CW - keyed 2s on and 0.5s off Ionospheric studies: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, also transmitted 20.005 MHz
90.023
Cosmos 6
1962 αδ1
338
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, frequency given as 90.0233 MHz, also transmitted 20.008 MHz
90.023
Cosmos 8
1962 αξ1
367
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science and meteoroid detection: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, exact frequency given as 90.02268 MHz, also transmitted 20.005 MHz
90.023
Cosmos 11
1962 βθ1
441
CW - keyed? Atmospheric/ionospheric science and meteoroid detection: "Mayak" transmitter for ionospheric studies, exact frequency given as 90.0216 MHz, also transmitted 20.005 MHz
90.023
Elektron-1
1964-006A
746
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 2 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 20.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
90.023
Elektron-2
1964-006B
748
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 1 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 20.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
90.023
Elektron-3
1964-038A
829
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 4 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 20.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
90.023
Elektron-4
1964-038B
830
- Radiation studies and geophysics: Launched in tandem with Elektron 3 - also transmitted 19.943 MHz, 19.954 MHz, 20.005, 20.0075 MHz, 90.0225 MHz
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